• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie? Blue Staining.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to bind rhIL-31 in a functional ELISA with an estimated K    _D < 4 nM.

• Source

  Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived Ala20-Ser516, with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Ala20

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  57.5 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  95-115 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: IL-31 RA

The interleukin-31 receptor A subunit (IL-31 RA), also known as gp130-Like Monocyte Receptor (GLM-R or GPL), is a ~100 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is classified as being a type I cytokine receptor (1, 2). A heterodimeric complex of IL-31 RA and the oncostatin M receptor (OSM-R) functions as the signaling receptor for IL-31 (3). Both subunits are inducibly expressed throughout the myelomonocytic lineage and are upregulated by interferon-gamma and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (1-3). IL-31 RA is also expressed on keratinocytes, dorsal root ganglia neurons, and variably on lung epithelial cells (3-6). The 732 amino acid (aa) IL-31 RA contains a 19 aa signal sequence, a 500 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 192 aa cytoplasmic domain. The ECD shares 60%, 58%, 73% and 70% aa identity with mouse, rat, canine and bovine IL-31 RA ECD, respectively. Human IL-31 receptors do not respond to mouse IL-31 (7). The ECD contains five fibronectin type III domains; the first two contain four conserved cysteine residues and a WSXWS motif common to type I cytokine receptors (2). Twelve alternately spliced human IL-31 RA isoforms are known and range in size from 356-745 amino acids. A long (745 aa) and a short (560 aa) transmembrane form are the predominant forms, and many cell lines express both forms (8). The long form, like the 732 aa form, signals by recruiting STAT3, 5 or 1, while the short form does not recruit STATs and inhibits IL-31 signaling. The ratio of these forms and their co-expression with OSM-R determines a cell’s response to IL-31 (8). In both humans and transgenic mice, IL-31 from skin-homing Th2 cells may contribute to the pruritis (itching) associated with nonatopic dermatitis, especially in infected skin (3, 9, 10).

• References:

1. Ghilardi, N. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:16831.

2. Diveu, C. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:49850.

3. Dillon, S. R. et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:752.

4. Chattopadhyay, S. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:3014.

5. Perrigoue, J. G. et al. (2007) J. Exp. Med. 204:481.

6. Bando, T. et al. (2006) Neuroscience 142:1263.

7. Broxmeyer, H. E. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35:78.

8. Diveu, C. et al. (2004) Eur. Cytokine. Netw. 15:291.

9. Bilsborough, J. et al. (2006) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 117:418.

10. Sonkoly, E. et al. (2006) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 117:411.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 31 Receptor A

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  133396 (Human); 218624 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  class I cytokine receptor; CRL3; CRL3Glmr; Cytokine receptor-like 3; GLMR; GLM-R; GLM-RMGC125346; GP130 like receptor; Gp130-like monocyte receptor; Gp130-like receptor; hGLM-R; IL-31 RA; IL-31 receptor subunit alpha; IL-31R subunit alpha; IL31RA; IL-31RA; IL-31RAGPLCRL; IL-31R-alpha; interleukin 31 receptor A; interleukin-31 receptor subunit alpha; PRO21384; soluble type I cytokine receptor CRL3; zcytoR17