• Purity

  >90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie? Blue Staining.

• Endotoxin Level

  <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized rhSyndecan-4 at 500 ng/mL (100 μL/well) can bind rhFGF-basic with a linear range of 0.1-10 ng/mL.

• Source

  Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived Glu19-Glu145, with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Glu19

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  14.7 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  25-40 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: Syndecan-4

Syndecan-4, previously known as amphiglycan or ryudocan, is a member of the syndecan family of Type 1 transmembrane proteins capable of carrying heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans. The four vertebrate syndecans have two conserved cytoplasmic domains and divergent extracellular portions, except for HS attachment sites. Syndecan-4 is the most similar to Syndecan-2, but is more universally expressed and is found in virtually every cell type. Expression can be upregulated by TGF-beta 2 and in response to mechanical stress in smooth muscle, wound healing, arterial injury or acute myocardial infarction, probably in response to at least one inflammatory mediator (1, 2). Human Syndecan-4 is synthesized as a 198 amino acid (aa) core protein with an 18 aa signal sequence, a 127 aa extracellular domain containing three consensus Ser-Gly sequences for the attachment of HS side chains, a 25 aa transmembrane region and a 28 aa cytoplasmic tail (3). Human Syndecan-4 ECD shares approximately 79%, 78% and 81% aa identity with mouse, rat and porcine Syndecan-4 ECD, respectively. Addition of 20 - 80 disaccharides per side chain adds considerably to the size of the 20 kDa core protein. Non-covalent homodimerization of Syndecan-4 is dependent on the transmembrane domain (4). The HS chains can bind fibronectin, SDF-1, antithrombin, FGF-2, midkine and tissue factor pathway inhibitor and can present
FGF-2 to its receptors (1, 2, 5). Proteolytic cleavage by plasmin, thrombin or a metalloproteinase may create a functional ectodomain (6 - 8). Genetic disruption of the Syndecan-4 gene causes a mild phenotype, presumably due to compensation by other syndecans, but mice have an increase in placental thrombi as well as defects in wound healing and response to endotoxin shock (9, 10).

• References:

1. Tkachenko, E. et al. (2005) Circ. Res. 96:488. 

2. Oh, E.-S, and J. R. Couchman (2004) Mol. Cells 17:181.

3. David, G. et al. (1992) J. Cell Biol. 118:961. 

4. Choi, S. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:42573. 

5. Charnaux, N. et al. (2005) FEBS J. 272:1937.  

6. Schmidt, A. et al., J. Biol. Chem. 280:34441.

7. Rauch, B. H. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:17507.

8. Fitzgerald, M. L. et al. (2000) J. Cell Biol. 148:811.

9. Ishiguro, K. et al. (2003) Glycoconj. J. 19:315.

10. Echtermeyer, F. et al. (2001) J. Clin. Invest. 107:R9.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  6385 (Human)

• Alternate Names:

  Amphiglycan; MGC22217; Ryudocan core protein; Ryudocan; SDC4; SYND4ryudocan amphiglycan; syndecan 4 (amphiglycan, ryudocan); syndecan 4; syndecan proteoglycan 4; Syndecan4; Syndecan-4