• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE with silver staining

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to inhibit the cell growth of mouse 3T3?L1 mouse embryonic fibroblast adipose-like cells. Ward, M. and Ajuwon, K.M. (2011) Cell Proliferation     44:343. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.75-3.5 μg/mL.

• Source

  Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived Asp38-Lys369, with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Asp38

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  38 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  45-90 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: Biglycan

Biglycan, also known as PG I, is a secreted chondroitin/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan in the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP family members are characterized by N-terminal and C-terminal cysteine-rich domains that flank the central region containing 10-12 tandem leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). Biglycan function is important in the development and maintenance of many tissues (1). The mouse Biglycan cDNA encodes a 369 amino acid (aa) precursor with a 19 aa signal sequence and a 18 aa propeptide that is cleaved by BMP-1 (2). Mature mouse Biglycan shares 97% and greater than 99% aa sequence identity with human and rat Biglycan, respectively. The mature protein can be further cleaved by proteases, which compromises its inability to bind to other molecules (3, 4). The 45 kDa core protein is approximately one third the molecular weight of the fully glycanated form and can assemble into noncovalently-associated dimers (5). Biglycan binds, crosslinks, and stabilizes several proteins in the collagen matrix (6). It also binds and modulates the activity of a variety of non-matrix proteins, including C1q, collectins, TGF-beta, and Wnt3a (3, 7, 8). Biglycan binds to TLR2, TLR4, P2X4, and P2X7, leading to the increased production of inflammatory mediators, the migration of vascular endothelial cells, and the enhancement of oxidized LDL induced aortic valve calcification (9-11). Biglycan also blocks the uptake and degradation of acetylated LDL in atherosclerotic plaques by binding to SR-A (12). It stabilizes the neuromuscular junction through interactions with MuSK as well as alpha- and gamma-Sarcoglycan (13).

• References:

1. Nastase, M.V. et al. (2012) J. Histochem. Cytochem. 60:963.

2. Scott, I.C. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:30504.

3. Boivin, W.A. et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7:e33163.

4. Monfort, J. et al. (2006) Arthritis Res. Ther. 8:R26.

5. Scott, P.G. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:13324.

6. Wiberg, C. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:37698.

7. Groeneveld, T.W.L. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 175:4715.

8. Berendsen, A.D. et al. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108:17022.

9. Babelova, A. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 284:24035.

10. Yamamoto, K. et al. (2012) Br. J. Cancer 106:1214.

11. Song, R. et al. (2012) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 32:2711.

12. Santiago-Garcia, J. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:6942.

13. Amenta, A.R. et al. (2012) J. Neurosci. 32:2324.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  633 (Human); 12111 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  BGN; Biglycan; Bone/cartilage proteoglycan I; bone/cartilage proteoglycan-I; dermatan sulphate proteoglycan I; DSPG1; PGI; PG-S1; SLRR1A; SLRR1Abiglycan proteoglycan; small leucine-rich protein 1A