• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE with silver staining

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by the ability of the immobilized protein to support the adhesion of EOMA mouse endothelial cells. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.5-2.5 μg/mL. Measured by its ability to agglutinate human red blood cells. Hadari, Y.R.     et al. (2000) J. Cell Sci.     113:2385. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 2.5-12.5 μg/mL.

• Source

  Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived Ser2-Glu130

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Ser2

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  15 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  12-14 kDa, reducing conditions

Background: Galectin-2

Galectin-2 is an approximately 14 kDa, homodimeric carbohydrate-binding protein of the S-type lectin family (1, 2). Like other prototype Galectins, Galectin-2 consists of a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) (3). Mouse Galectin-2 shares 86% and 66% amino acid sequence identity with rat and human Galectin-2, respectively. Galectin-2 is primarily expressed in the digestive tract and skin of mice (4-6). It can be S-nitrosylated with S-nitrosoglutathione in mouse gastric mucosa (7).
S-nitrosylation prevents Galectin-2 inactivation by hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that this modification protects Galectin-2 function against oxidative stress (8). Galectin-2 appears to have a role in immune responses. Galectin-2 mRNA and protein levels are down-regulated following infection with H. felis (9). Additionally, Galectin-2 treatment has been shown to reduce MHC class I-restricted immune responses and ameliorate acute and chronic experimental colitis in mice by inducing apoptosis of T cells (6, 10). Galectin-2 may also play a role in cancer since circulating levels of human Galectin-2 are elevated in colon and breast cancer patients (11).

• References:

1. Hokama, A. et al. (2008) World J. Gastroenterol. 14:5133.

2. Barondes, S.H. et al. (1994) Cell 76:597.

3. Hirabayashi, J. and K. Kasai (1993) Glycobiology 3:297.

4. Nio, J. et al. (2005) J. Histochem. Cytochem. 53:1323.

5. Nio-Kobayashi, J. et al. (2009) J. Histochem. Cytochem. 57:41.

6. Loser, K. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:5419.

7. Ohtake, K. et al. (2009) J. Proteomics 72:750.

8. Tamura, M. et al. (2015) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 457:712.

9. Takaishi, S. and T.C. Wang (2007) Cancer Sci. 98:284.

10. Paclik, D. et al. (2008) J. Mol. Med. 86:1395.

11. Chen, C. et al. (2014) Br. J. Cancer 110:741.

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  3957 (Human); 107753 (Mouse); 171134 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  Beta-galactoside-binding lectin L-14-II; GAL2; Gal-2; galectin 2; Galectin2; Galectin-2; HL14gal-2; Lactose-binding lectin 2; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 2; LGALS2; MGC75071; S-Lac lectin 2