• Purity

  >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC5 mouse chondrogenic cells. Nakamura, K.     et al. (1999) Exp. Cell Res.     250:351. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 100-400 ng/mL.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Gln272-Arg386, with an N-terminal Met

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Met

• Structure / Form

  Disulfide-linked homodimer

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  13 kDa (monomer)

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: BMP-2a

BMP-2 is one of at least 20 structurally and functionally related BMPs, which are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily (1, 2). BMPs were originally indentified as protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. However, they are also involved in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis, and apoptosis of various cell types, including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells, and neuronal cells. Similarly to other TGF-beta family proteins, BMPs are highly conserved across animal species. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, and rat BMP-2 are 100% identical, while mature human BMP-2 and zebrafish BMP-2a are 85% identical. Zebrafish have another homolog of BMP-2a, BMP-2b, which is 88% identical to BMP-2a in the mature region and corresponds to the swirl mutant. The combined expression pattern of zBMP-2a/2b/4 coincides with areas where BMP-2/4 expression would be found in other vertebrates (3). Biologically active BMP-2a is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the carboxy-terminal 115 amino acid residues that contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues involved in the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond. Cellular responses to BMP-2a have been shown to be mediated by the formation of hetero-ogliomeric complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors (4). In contrast to the TGF-beta type I receptor, which does not bind the ligand in the absence of the TGF-beta receptor type II, both BMP receptor type I’s can bind BMP-2 with high affinity in the absence of BMP receptor type II.

• References:

1. Ryoo, H.M. et al. (2006) Gene 366:51.

2. Chen, D. et al. (2004) Growth Factors 22:233.

3. Martinez-Barbera, J. et al. (1997) Gene 198:53.

4. Miyazono, K. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:251.

• Long Name:

  Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2a

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  30631 (Zebrafish)

• Alternate Names:

  BMP2a; BMP-2a