• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie? Blue Staining.

• Endotoxin Level

  <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to induce IL-17 secretion by mouse splenocytes. Aggarwal, S.     et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem.     278:1910. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 0.05-0.3 ng/mL.

• Source

  Spodoptera frugiperda,     Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived

  Human IL-23 p40 (Ile23-Ser328) Accession # P29460	GSGSSRGGSGSGGSGGGGSKL	Human IL-23 p19 (Ala21-Pro189) Accession # AAG37232
  N-terminus		C-terminus

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  ILe23 (IL-23 single chain & p40) & Ala21 (p19)

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  55.0 kDa (IL-23 single chain), 36.5 kDa (p40), 18.5 kDa (p19)

• SDS-PAGE

  65 kDa, 43-45 kDa and 20 kDa, reducing conditions

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: IL-23

Interleukin 23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two disulfide-linked subunits, a p19 subunit that is unique to IL-23, and a p40 subunit that is shared with IL-12 (1-5). The p19 subunit has homology to the p35 subunit of IL-12, as well as to other single chain cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-11. The p40 subunit is homologous to the extracellular domains of the hematopoietic cytokine receptors. Human p19 cDNA encodes a 189 amino acid residue (aa) precursor protein with a putative 19 aa signal peptide and 170 aa mature protein. Human and mouse p19 share 70% aa sequence identity. Although p19 is expressed by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and endothelial cells, only activated macrophages and dendritic cells express p40 concurrently to produce IL-23. The functional IL-23 receptor complex consists of two receptor subunits, the IL-12 receptor beta 1 subunit (IL-12 R beta 1) and the IL-23-specific receptor subunit (IL-23 R). IL-23 has biological activities that are similar to, but distinct from IL-12. Both IL-12 and IL-23 induce proliferation and IFN-gamma production by human T cells. While IL-12 acts on both na?ve and memory human T cells, the effects of IL-23 is restricted to memory T cells. In mouse, IL-23 but not IL-12, has also been shown to induce memory T cells to secret IL-17, a potent proinflammatory cytokine. IL-12 and IL-23 can induce IL-12 production from mouse splenic DC of both the CD8^- and CD8⁺ subtypes, however only IL-23 can act directly on CD8⁺ DC to mediate immunogenic presentation of poorly immunogenic tumor/self peptide.

• References:

1. Oppmann, B. et al. (2000) Immunity 13:715.

2. Lankford, C.S. and D.M. Frucht (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 73:49.

3. Parham, C. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:5699.

4. Belladonna, M.L. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:5448.

5. Aggarwal, S. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:1910.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 23

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  51561 (Human); 83430 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  IL23; IL-23; IL23A; IL-23A; IL-23-A; IL-23p19; IL23P19P19; interleukin 23 p19 subunit; interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19; interleukin-23 subunit alpha; Interleukin-23 subunit p19; JKA3 induced upon T-cell activation; MGC79388; SGRF; SGRFIL-23 subunit alpha