• Purity

  >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie? Blue Staining.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its ability to induce IL-10 secretion in COLO 205 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Nagalakshmi, M.L.     et al. (2004) International Immunopharmacology     4:679. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 60-300 pg/mL.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Ala34-Ile179, with an N-terminal Met

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Met

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  16.5 kDa

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Data Images

Background: IL-22

Interleukin-22 (IL-22), also known as IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor (IL-TIF) was initially identified as a gene induced by IL-9 in mouse T cells and mast cells. Human IL-22 cDNA encodes a 179 amino acid (aa) residue protein with a putative 33 aa signal peptide that is cleaved to generate a 147 aa mature protein that shares approximately 79% and 22% aa sequence identity with mouse IL-22 and human IL-10, respectively. The human IL-22 gene is localized to chromosome 12q15. Although it exists as a single copy gene in human and in many mouse strains, the mouse IL-22 gene is duplicated in some mouse strains including C57B1/6, FVB and 129. The two mouse genes designated IL-TIF alpha and IL-TIF beta, share greater than 98% sequence homology in their coding region. IL-22 has been shown to activate STAT?1 and STAT-3 in several hepatoma cell lines and upregulate the production of acute phase proteins. IL-22 is produced by normal T cells upon anti-CD3 stimulation in humans. Mouse IL-22 expression is also induced in various organs upon lipopolysaccharide injection, suggesting that IL-22 may be involved in inflammatory responses. The functional IL-22 receptor complex consists of two receptor subunits, IL-22R (previously an orphan receptor named CRF2-9) and IL-10R beta (previously known as CRF2-4), belonging to the class II cytokine receptor family.

• References:

1. Dumoutier, L. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 164:1814.

2. Xie, M-H. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:31335.

3. Dumoutier, L. et al. (2000) PNAS 97:10144.

4. Kotenko, S.V. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:2725.

• Long Name:

  Interleukin 22

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  50616 (Human); 50929 (Mouse); 500836 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  Cytokine Zcyto18; IL-10-related T-cell-derived inducible factor; IL-21; IL22; IL-22; IL-22IL21; IL-D110; IL-TIF; ILTIFIL-10-related T-cell-derived-inducible factor; IL-TIFMGC79382; interleukin 21; interleukin 22; interleukin-22; MGC79384; TIFa; TIFIL-23; zcyto18