• Purity

  >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain

• Endotoxin Level

  <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized rhC1q at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind rmPentraxin 3 with a linear range of 0.25-15 μg/mL.

• Source

  Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived Glu18-Ser381, with a C-terminal 6-His tag

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Glu18

• Structure / Form

  Multimer consisting of as many as ten non-covalently and covalently linked subunits

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  41 kDa (monomer)

• SDS-PAGE

  46 kDa, reducing conditions

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: Pentraxin 3/TSG-14

Pentraxin 3, also known as TSG-14, was initially identified as a TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta inducible gene (1 - 3). It belongs to the pentraxin family, which was named originally for the homo-pentameric structure formed by its members (4). The pentraxin family is divided into two subfamilies: the “short” and the “l(fā)ong” pentraxins with approximate molecular weights of 25 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. TSG-14 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily, which also includes the Xenopus laevis XL-PXN1, the guinea pig apexin/p50, the rat neuronal pentraxin I (NPI) and NPR, the human neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) and the human neuronal activity-related pentraxin (5).

Mature secreted PTX3 contains a pentaxin-like domain at its carboxy-terminus that shares 23 - 28% amino acid (aa) sequence similarity to C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), which belong to the short pentraxin subfamily. However, the N-terminal sequence of TSG-14 does not share aa sequence homology with any of the “short” pentaxins (3). Unlike CRP and SAP, which forms pentamers only, TSG-14 forms both pentameric and higher ordered oligomers (5). Similar to CRP and SAP, TSG-14 binds to the complement cascade component C1q (6). However, TSG-14 does not bind to phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, or high pyruvate agarose, which are known ligands for CRP and SAP. While CRP and SAP are primarily produced in the liver, TSG-14 expression is strongly upregulated by TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and bacterial LPS in peripheral fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages (7). At the amino acid level, human and mouse TSG-14 share 88% aa sequence homology (8). TSG-14 concentration is elevated in the joint fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), indicating that TSG-14 may be a potential mediator of immune response (9). TSG-14 may also function in the regulation of the uptake and clearance of apoptotic cells by dendritic cells (10). An in vivo study showed that TSG-14 transgenic mice are more resistant to sepsis and endotoxemia compared to wild-type during inflammatory injury (11). Increased expression of TSG-14 may enhance the immune response to protect the host from infection.

• References:

1. Lee, T.H. et al. (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1982.

2. Breviario, F. et al. (1992) JBC. 267:22190.

3. Lee, G.W. et al. (1993) J. Immunol. 150:1804.

4. Osmand, A.P. et al. (1977) PNAS, USA 74:739.

5. Goodman A.R. et al. (1996) Cytokine & Growth Factor Rev. 7:191.

6. Bottazzi, B. et al. (1997) JBC. 272:32817.

7. Introna, M. et al. (1996) Blood, 87:1862.

8. Altmeyer, A. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:25584.

9. Luchetti, M.M. et al. (2000) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 119:196.

10. Rovere, P. et al. (2000) Blood 96:4300.

11. Dias, A.A.M. et al. (2001) J. Leukocyte Biol. 69:928.

• Long Name:

  Tumor Necrosis Factor Stimulated Gene 14

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  5806 (Human); 19288 (Mouse)

• Alternate Names:

  alpha-induced protein 5; pentaxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor; Pentaxin-related protein PTX3; Pentraxin 3; pentraxin 3, long; pentraxin-3; pentraxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta; pentraxin-related protein PTX3; PTX3; TNF alpha-induced protein 5; TNFAIP5; TSG14; TSG-14; TSG-14pentaxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta; Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 5; tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 5; Tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 14 protein; tumor necrosis factor-inducible protein TSG-14