• Purity

  >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

• Endotoxin Level

  <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.  

• Activity

  Measured in a cell proliferation assay using human pancreatic cancer cells. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 1-4 μg/mL.    
  Measured in a cell proliferation assay using EJG bovine adrenal-derived endothelial cells. The ED    ₅₀ for this effect is 1-4 μg/mL.

• Source

  Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived Ala20-Phe105

• Accession #

• N-terminal Sequence    
  Analysis

  Ala20

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  9.6 kDa

• SDS-PAGE

  9.6 kDa, reducing conditions

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Background: EG-VEGF/PK1

Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial cell growth factor (EG-VEGF; also called prokineticin-1) is a member of the prokineticin family of secreted proteins whose distinguishing structural motif involves 10 cysteines that form five intrachain disulfide bonds, creating a “colipase fold” (1, 2). The mouse EG?VEGF precursor is 105 amino acids in length and contains a 19 aa signal sequence plus an 86 aa mature segment (3). There are no potential N?linked glycosylation sites, and the secreted molecule is a monomer that is approximately 10 kDa in size. The mature region in mouse is 93% and 87% aa identical to the mature regions in rat and human, respectively. Mature mouse prokineticin-2 is 57% aa identical to mouse EG?VEGF/prokineticin-1. Mouse EG?VEGF is active on bovine endothelial cells (3). Although there is considerable aa identity between mouse and human EG-VEGF, the expression patterns are very much different. This is attributed to pronounced differences in the promoter region of the two genes. While human EG-VEGF is expressed by steroidogenic glands, mouse EG?VEGF is expressed in hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells. EG-VEGF binds to and activates two closely related G-protein coupled receptors, EG?VEGF/PK1?R1 and EG?VEGF/PK2?R2 (4, 5). Mouse EG?VEGF stimulates proliferation and survival of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and, in mouse, EG-VEGF acts to induce monocyte migration and stimulate hematopoiesis (3, 6).

• References:

1. LeCouter, J. et al. (2004) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1014:50.

2. Li, M. et al. (2001) Mol. Pharmacol. 59:692.

3. LeCouter, J. et al. (2003) Endocrinology 144:2606.

4. Lin, D. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:19276.

5. Masuda, Y. et al. (2002) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 293:396.

6. LeCouter, J. et al. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:16813.

• Long Name:

  Endocrine Gland-derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  84432 (Human); 246691 (Mouse); 192205 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  EGVEGF; EG-VEGF; EGVEGFblack mamba toxin-related protein; Endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor; Mambakine; PK1mambakine; PRK1prokineticin-1; PROK1; Prokineticin 1